Za i protiv otvorenog pristupa akademskim djelima u kontekstu savremenog istraživačko-izdavačkog procesa

Od vremena ubrzanog uvođenja informacijskih tehnologija i internetskih servisa na djelu su inicijative da se, po određenim uslovima, sva objavljena, stampana i digitalizirana, djela ucine dostupnim svim ljudima, a narocito onima koji pripadaju istraživacko-akademskoj zajednici. Princip ili politika otvorenog pristupa ( Open Access Policy ) u ovih dvadesetak godina stekao je brojne zagovornike, ali i određen broj protivnika, koji razložno ukazuju na opasnosti zloupotreba od tzv. grabežljivih akademskih izdavaca i svekoliku komercijalizaciju u nedovoljno jasno usaglasenim pravno obavezujucim dokumentima na međunarodnom i lokalnom planu o ovoj problematici. U radu se daje kraci historijski pregled razvoja akademskog izdavastva od 17. do kraja 20. stoljeca te znatno promijenjenog okruženja u kojem se pokusavaju prevazici brojne pravne i druge nedoumice vezane za istraživacki rad i s njim povezane aktivnosti u oblasti savremenog izdavastva. U okviru tog dinamicnog procesa događaju se brojne promjene u pristupu i vrednovanju svih oblika akademskog pisanja, redefiniraju se pitanja autorskih i izdavackih prava te navode oblici i modaliteti (samo)pohranjivanja i objavljivanja zakljucenih publikacija i njihove potonje diseminacije zainteresiranim korisnicima bez ogranicenja. Iznose se i prednosti koje omogucava otvoreni pristup, ali i ukazuje na određene negativnosti s kojima ce se morati suocavati ove aktivnosti u buducnosti, sve dok se ne postigne saglasnost na globalnom planu o standardima koji ce tokom 21. stoljeca u potpunosti regulirati ovu oblast. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- For and against open access to academic works in the context of contemporary research and publishing process Ever since the accelerated introduction of information technologies and Internet services there have been many initiatives to, under certain conditions, make all the published, printed and digital, works fully accessible to all the people, and, especially, to members of research and academic/scientific community all over the world. Principles of Open Access Policy gained many supporters in the last twenty years, but, also, a number of opponents, who, within reason, point out to abuses by so-called predatory academic publishers and ever-present commercial aspects within the frameworks of binding legal and other documents both at the local and international levels that have not been yet agreed upon. The paper presents a short historical review about the development of academic publishing from 17 th to late 20 th century, and a significantly changed current environment that tries to overcome numerous legal and other types of dilemmas related to research and interrelated publishing activities. It is highly dynamic process that caused many changes in terms of approach and evaluation of academic writing; whereas the issues of authorship and publishing rights have been re-defined. Different kinds and modes of (self-)archiving and publishing of final types of academic publications, as well as their subsequent dissemination to interested users without limitations have been duly explained. Certain advantages under the open access policy have been pointed out, but also some negative aspects that such initiatives are about to be faced with in a near future, until the agreement on standards in this area will have been reached in the course of 21 st century that might attain a comprehensive regulations on the global level.