The Participation of Stakeholders in Community Policy Planning and Implementation. A Case Study: Freetown City Council, Sierra Leone

Community involvement remains a central pillar of sustainable development. In recent decades, the promotion of grassroots participation has been increasingly recognized as a tool for empowerment, accountability, and inclusivity in governance. Decentralization reforms in Sierra Leone highlight the role of citizens in shaping and implementing local policies, particularly within the Freetown City Council. This study assessed the degree of stakeholder engagement in policy planning and explored the factors that influence effective participation. Data were collected through both qualitative and quantitative approaches at municipal and community levels. Findings revealed that while stakeholders play important roles in planning and implementation, their involvement is often limited by political, social, and institutional challenges. The study emphasizes the importance of strengthening inclusive participation for sustainable urban governance.