Surprising Fact from Indonesia on the Influence of Spiritual Leadership on Employee Voice and Obedience Behavior

The purpose of this study is to examine spiritual leadership outcomes in terms of voice behavior and obedience or compliance using 244 Indonesian valid samples. In fact, that comprehension of the influence of leadership behavior on employees’ cognition, attitude and behavior are considered critically important by scholars, however, there are still research gaps existing in this area. Surprisingly, the results show that although spiritual leadership and mediators of calling and membership are significantly inter-correlated each other, yet these five variables have non-significant correlations with employees’ obedience and voice behavior. The influence of the spiritual leadership process across cultures, especially toward voice and obedience behavior is not supported in this study. Possible explanations could be related to the cultural characteristic of employees of these particular samples.