Rhabdomyolysis in Childhood: A Primer on Normal Muscle Function and Selected Metabolic Myopathies Characterized by Disordered Energy Production

In those children who do not have one of the muscular dystrophies, there are a wide variety of possible causes for rhabdomyolysis, including trauma, inflammation, toxic exposure, or various genetic defects in muscle energy metabolism, including deficiencies of enzymes involved in glycogenolysis, glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, purine nucleotide metabolism, or mitochondrial respiration.