Relevance of Sanskrit Grammar in Modern Linguistics

Sanskrit grammar, systematized most prominently in Ashtadhyayi by Panini, constitutes one of the earliest and most sophisticated formal linguistic systems. Its rule-based, generative, and meta-linguistic structure anticipates several foundational principles of modern linguistics. This review critically examines the relevance of Sanskrit grammar to contemporary linguistic theory, including morphology, syntax, phonology, semantics, generative grammar, and computational linguistics. Classical grammatical concepts such as sutra, pratyaya, karaka, sandhi, samasa, and dhatu are analyzed in relation to modern linguistic frameworks. The influence of Sanskrit grammar on Western linguistics and its applications in natural language processing and artificial intelligence are also explored. The review establishes that Sanskrit grammar remains a valuable intellectual resource with enduring relevance for modern linguistic science (1–4).