Psychological Interventions within Physiotherapy: A Qualitative Exploration of the Perspectives of Paediatric Physiotherapists in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Background: Children with physical disabilities may struggle psychologically and socially. The biopsychosocial model can be implemented in paediatric physiotherapy as an approach to consider all these aspects. Physiotherapists implement psychologically informed physiotherapy (PIP) to integrate the biopsychosocial model into physiotherapy practice. A previous study found that many physiotherapists had positive attitudes and beliefs about PIP. However, there remains a significant need for further development and enhancement of PIP both globally and within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The study aims to explore psychological interventions within physiotherapy practice from the perspective of PPTs working in KSA, including their knowledge, implementation experiences and future learning and training needs.Methods: A qualitative study was conducted to explore the research aims and objectives. Paediatric physiotherapists in the KSA were invited to focus groups to discuss their experiences of psychological interventions within physiotherapy. Qualitative data were transcribed and analysed using hybrid thematic analysis. Data collection took place between June and July 2023. Results: Ten participants in four focus groups, with three to two participants in each group. Thematic analysis identified three themes: knowledge, implementation, and future needs. While PPTs demonstrated a good understanding of PIP and implemented a variety of psychological interventions, they often did not acknowledge the psychological elements involved. To address this gap, recommendations were made to further enhance paediatric physiotherapy practice in KSA. Conclusion: This study was the first to explore and provide valuable insights into PPTs’ perspectives on psychological interventions and PIP in KSA. The results may inform development of future training to support enhanced use of PIP and holistic treatment.