Performance evaluation of hybrid WOA-XGBoost, GWO-XGBoost and BO-XGBoost models to predict blast-induced ground vibration

Findings reveal that compared with other machine learning models, the proposed WOA-XGBoost became the most reliable model, confirming the ability of the meta-heuristic algorithm to enhance the performance of the PPV model, which can be helpful for mine planners and engineers using advanced supervised machine learning with metaheuristic algorithms for predicting ground vibration caused by explosions.