Parkinson's disease risks associated with cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and caffeine intake.
Parkinson's disease risks associated with cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and caffeine intake.
H. Checkoway,K. Powers,3 Authors,P. Swanson
2002 · DOI: 10.1093/AJE/155.8.732
American Journal of Epidemiology · 378 Citations
TLDR
Findings are presented regarding associations of PD with smoking, caffeine intake, and alcohol consumption from a case-control study conducted in western Washington State in 1992-2000.