Multidimensional Factors Associated with Athletic Management Among Secondary School Student-Athletes

Student-athletes manage both academic responsibilities and the demands of competitive sports within and outside the school setting, often requiring discipline, time management, and consistency. Effective athletic management supports their performance, well-being, and overall development, especially during high-pressure events such as athletic meets. This study investigated the personal, psychological, coaching, academic, administrative, and health-related factors influencing athletic management among secondary school student-athletes during athletic meet participation. A quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive design was employed, using a validated survey questionnaire adapted from Martin et al. (α = 0.86). Total enumeration sampling included all officially registered student-athletes for the academic year. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including mean and standard deviation. Findings revealed that personal factors yielded the highest overall mean (M = 3.73), reflecting strong intrinsic motivation and commitment among student athletes. Health factors were also rated favorably (M = 3.24), particularly in areas related to sleep, hydration, and recovery practices. In contrast, psychological factors (M = 2.88), coaching factors (M = 2.83), academic factors (M = 2.70), and administrative support factors (M = 2.70) received moderate ratings, suggesting areas requiring institutional attention. Lower ratings were observed in stress management practices, structured training discipline, academic monitoring, financial support, and access to qualified coaching personnel. Overall, the findings suggest that while internal motivation among student-athletes appears to be well established, psychological preparedness and other institutional supports remain less consistently reinforced.