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Mixed incomplete character sums of rational functions with smooth moduli

Todd Cochrane,Andrew Granville,Junren Zheng

2026 · ArXiv: 2601.10927
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Abstract

Let χ=χq\chi=\chi_q be a primitive character mod qq and fix Δ>0\Delta>0. In 1989 Graham and Ringrose gave strong bounds on character sums ∑M<n≤M+Nχ(n)\sum_{M<n\leq M+N} \chi(n) in intervals of length N=qΔN=q^\Delta whenever qq is squarefree and is sufficiently smooth. Here we show that the smoothness parameter can be taken to be N1−ϵN^{1-\epsilon}. We also discuss various generalizations and applications, obtaining best possible results in several aspects.