MIRA: A Method of Federated Multi-Task Learning for Large Language Models

In this letter, we introduce a method for fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs), inspired by Multi-Task learning in a federated manner. Our approach leverages the structure of each client’s model and enables a learning scheme that considers other clients’ tasks and data distribution. To mitigate the extensive computational and communication overhead often associated with LLMs, we utilize a parameter-efficient fine-tuning method, specifically Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), to reduce the number of trainable parameters. Experimental results, with different datasets and models, demonstrate the proposed method’s effectiveness compared to existing frameworks for federated fine-tuning of LLMs in terms of global and local performances. The proposed scheme outperforms existing baselines by achieving lower local loss for each client, while maintaining comparable global performance.