IoT-Based Smart School Bus and Student Monitoring Systems

Student transportation safety is a critical concern for educational institutions, parents, and government authorities.

Conventional school bus systems rely on manual attendance recording, fixed schedules, and verbal communication, which often

leads to inefficiencies, delays, and safety risks. With the rapid advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, smart

transportation systems have emerged as reliable solutions for real-time monitoring and automated data management. This

review paper presents a comprehensive analysis of IoT-based smart school bus and student monitoring systems, with a primary

focus on the base research paper titled “IoT Based Smart School Bus and Student Monitoring System.” The study reviews

earlier approaches based on RFID, GPS, GSM, and IoT architectures, highlighting their advantages and limitations. The paper

further explains the working principles, components, and benefits of the proposed IoT-based system using ESP32

microcontroller, GPS module, RFID reader, Real-Time Clock (RTC), LCD display, and cloud integration through Google Sheets.

The review emphasizes improvements in safety, attendance accuracy, communication, and data transparency. The findings

suggest that IoT-based school transportation systems offer scalable, cost-effective, and future-ready solutions for modern

educational environments.