Integrated IoT Solution for Continuous Patient Vital Sign Monitoring and Alerting

Monitoring the vital signs of multiple patients in clinical settings is a fundamental challenge. This proposal presents an IoT-based intelligent healthcare monitoring system that integrates three key modules to ensure consistent tracking of essential health parameters. The system uses an advanced infrared (IR) sensor to accurately measure body temperature, along with pulse oximeters and heart rate sensors connected to Arduino devices to monitor heart rate and SpO₂ levels. An ATmega-Based microcontroller functions as the central unit, collecting and analyzing sensor data. A Wi-Fi module enables secure, real-time data transmission to a hospital server for monitoring and future reference. Healthcare professionals receive immediate alerts if a patient’s heart rate or respiratory rate deviates from normal, allowing for prompt intervention. The system is especially designed for elderly patients, who are at greater risk due to insufficient monitoring, potentially leading to serious complications like heart attacks. It integrates multiple sensors, including temperature and pulse sensors, a saline level indicator, and an accelerometer to monitor patient movement. These are connected to an Arduino Uno, which processes the data and displays it on an LCD screen. In the event of sudden changes in vitals, the system sends real-time IoT alerts to caregivers and medical staff. It provides continuous tracking of pulse, temperature, saline levels, and movement with timestamped data accessible online. By leveraging IoT technology, the system ensures 24/7 monitoring, timely alerts, and improved patient safety—ultimately helping to save lives.