Hybrid Deep Learning Model of LSTM and BiLSTM for Transjakarta Passenger Prediction

A crucial role in the BRT transportation system’s planning, development, and operation is the prediction of passenger numbers. Using time-series data, it is necessary to develop careful prediction models, appropriate techniques, and an indepth understanding of the number of BRT Transjakarta passengers. A prediction model is sought based on comparing combined LSTM and BiLSTM experiments using three evaluation matrices and time. Historical data used from daily passenger data for 13 BRT Transjakarta corridors (1/01/2021-31/12/2023). The best prediction model was obtained from the BiLSTM-CNN combination with the lowest MSLE (0.0425), MAPE (0.1598), and SMAPE (15.9387) evaluation matrix values. However, it required a longer time (00:02:14). Predictions of passenger numbers on the 13 Transjakarta BRT corridors for the next 12 months can be made simultaneously by predicting fluctuations occurring simultaneously. The strongest positive correlation is in corridor 9-6, while the strongest negative correlation is in corridor 12-5. The prediction results must be understood by stakeholders, managers, and technopreneurs to develop and support appropriate strategies to increase the number of BRT passengers.