Hash-based Threshold Group RFID Authentication Protocol for Medical IoT Applications

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is increasingly utilized to provide an efficient identification and tracking capabilities across a wide range of domains. In the medical field, RFID technology enable patient monitoring and equipment management. However, the constrained resources of RFID tags make them vulnerable to security threats, raising concerns about data integrity, secure access, and patient privacy. This paper proposes a novel group-based RFID authentication protocol that introduces a threshold-based mechanism that enables group authentication even when some tags fail to respond. We conduct both formal and informal security analyses using tamarin prover to evaluate the proposed protocol. In addition, we analyze its performance using a thresholdbased availability model. The proposed protocol achieves improved resilience, privacy, and fault tolerance, making it well suited for sensitive Internet of Things (IoT) environments.