Evaluating Integrated Governance Practices in Multi-Functional Units of UiTM Perak: Toward Institutional Efficiency and Accountability

This study investigates the execution and perception of integrated governance practices among eight principal administrative departments of Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Perak Branch. The research used a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative survey data from 264 academic and non-academic workers with qualitative insights from nine comprehensive interviews with senior administrators. Quantitative results demonstrate that governance practices are widely regarded as effective and uniform across demographic categories, with no statistically significant variations related to job grade or length of service. Critical domains such as compliance, ethical leadership, and adherence to standard operating procedures reflect the university's dedication to integrity and responsibility. Qualitative findings reveal operational issues such as restricted two-way communication, inconsistent staff participation in decision-making, inadequate digital governance frameworks, and limitations in resource management. The ideas were analysed and interpreted using Stakeholder Theory, Agency Theory, and principles of New Public Management. The study provides specific recommendations that correspond with the Ministry of Higher Education's Higher Education 2025 strategic objective, highlighting leadership development, inclusive planning, and digital transformation. The results enhance the discussion on public sector governance in higher education and offer practical ideas for improving institutional efficacy and stakeholder involvement.