Estimating Galactic Structure Using Galactic Binaries Resolved by Space-Based Gravitational Wave Observatories

Space-based gravitational wave detectors, such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) and Taiji, will observe GWs from O(108) galactic binary systems, allowing a completely unobscured view of the Milky Way structure. While previous studies have established theoretical expectations based on idealized data-analysis methods that use the true catalog of sources, we present an end-to-end analysis pipeline for inferring galactic structure parameters based on the detector output alone. We employ the GBSIEVER algorithm to extract GB signals from LISA Data Challenge data and develop a maximum likelihood approach to estimate a bulge-disk galactic model using the resolved GBs. We introduce a two-tiered selection methodology, combining frequency derivative thresholding and proximity criteria, to address the systematic overestimation of frequency derivatives that compromises distance measurements. We quantify the performance of our pipeline in recovering key Galactic structure parameters and the potential biases introduced by neglecting the errors in estimating the parameters of individual GBs. Our methodology represents a step forward in developing practical techniques that bridge the gap between theoretical possibilities and observational implementation.