Ecological Risk Factor, Contamination Factor

and Bioconcentration Factor of Heavy Metals

in Vegetables Grown on Polluted Soils in Kosovo

The accumulation of heavy metals in plants is a serious environmental and health problem, especially in regions near industrial facilities, smelters, and mines. The aim of this study is to assess the environmental risks of cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb) contamination in different types of vegetables. For this purpose, the bioconcentration factor (BCf), contamination factor (Cf)