DEVELOPMENT OF A BLOCKCHAIN-BASED DECENTRALISED APPLICATION WITH NFT FOR LAND REGISTRATION

Abstract: Land registration in Indonesia often encounters challenges in transparency, data integrity, and centralized bureaucracy. Manual and semi-digital systems remain vulnerable to manipulation and delays. The National Land Agency has initiated digitalization, but several challenges remain, particularly in ensuring transparency, efficiency, and security of land ownership data. Blockchain technology offers a potential solution through its decentralized and immutable characteristics. This study adopted a design and development method consisting of system analysis, requirements identification, architecture design, implementation, and black-box testing. The developed decentralized application (DApp) integrates smart contracts, NFTs, and IPFS to manage land certificates. Core functions such as minting, transfer, splitting, and self-custody were implemented and successfully tested, with all scenarios producing expected results. The findings demonstrate that blockchain integration can enhance security, reduce duplication, and streamline land administration. The study contributes a functional prototype with practical implications for modernizing land registration in Indonesia while identifying scalability and regulatory adaptation as areas for further research.

            Keywords: blockchain; decentralized application; land registration; NFT; smart contract.