Design of Solar Energy Automatic Tracking Control System Based on Single Chip Microcomputer

To improve the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of solar energy, promote the development of photovoltaic industry and alleviate the pressure of energy shortage. This paper designs a biaxial solar ray automatic tracking system, which combines sun-path tracking with photoelectric detection tracking. When the system is running, the weather condition is judged by photosensitive resistance at first. The cloudy day adopted the sun-path tracking by getting the time date in the clock module. The azimuth and altitude angles of the current sun are calculated by the corresponding calculation formula. Then the stepper motor is controlled by a single chip microcomputer to adjust its position accordingly. The sunny day adopted the photoelectric detection tracking mode, the light intensity signal collected by four photosensitive resistors is converted into a voltage signal to identify the orientation. The single chip computer controls the rotation of the horizontal and vertical stepper motors after program calculation. In this way, the biaxial automatic tracking of solar panels is realized. Practice shows that, the tracking system can continuously improve the utilization rate of solar energy, and high tracking accuracy, it has strong practical value.