Design and Implementation of Smart Bin with RFID-Based User Accountability

The persistent challenges of solid waste management in rapidly urbanizing areas require establishing innovative, data-driven systems for effective collection, monitoring, and accountability. This paper outlines designing and developing a Smart Bin with RFID-Based User Identification & Waste Usage Tracking to promote user accountability while improving waste analytics through the Internet of Things (IoT). The proposed system utilizes an ESP32 microcontroller alongside several different sensing modules for user identification (RFID reader), a fill level sensor (ultrasonic sensor), and a waste category identification system (load cell and HX711 amplifier) that accurately measures the weight of the waste. Additionally, the lid of the Smart Bin is automated using a servo motor mechanism, based on verified user identity, to increase hygiene and capability. The data collected from user ID, waste type, weight, fill level, and time are relayed via Wi-Fi to a cloud-based database (Firebase) for real-time analysis and logging. While assisting in creating sustainability standards, transparency is promoted, ecologically acceptable disposal techniques are made accessible to customers, and garbage collection schedules are enhanced for local government official. The inclusion of both RFID and IoT technology presents an intelligent solution for innovative waste management by providing the capacity to trace waste history, make data-driven decisions based on analysis, and promote environmentally responsible waste disposal practices.