Data gaps for symptoms of myocardial infarction in transgender and gender diverse patients: a brief literature review and call to action

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States and has garnered several avenues of efforts to reduce incidence and mortality in patient populations. There has also been an increase in reported populations of transgender and gender diverse individuals as well as a reported increased risk for cardiovascular disease in this population. Despite this, there is no current research assessing warning signs of myocardial infarction and no standard of care exists for educating transgender and gender diverse individuals regarding their heart health. This article reviews the known literature on interactions between gender affirming hormone therapy and cardiovascular disease and highlights the need for more research of myocardial infarction onset symptoms in transgender and gender diverse populations to provide better heart health education and care.