Coalition building as a response to internal security threats in northeast Nigeria: A case study of some selected ethnic groups

This study examines coalition building as a response to internal security threats in Northeast Nigeria: a case study of some selected Ethnic Groups. In the face of escalating violence from insurgent groups like Boko Haram and ISWAP, communities in Borno, Yobe, and Adamawa States have formed interethnic alliances aimed at protecting lives and property. These coalitions, often driven by necessity rather than historical unity, work together to carry out joint patrols, share intelligence, and build mutual trust in areas where state security presence is weak or inconsistent. Using qualitative methods, including interviews and focus group discussions with local leaders and youth coordinators, the study sheds light on how these coalitions operate, the challenges they face, and their relationship with government security structures. Findings show that while these ethnic coalitions have contributed to local safety and fostered collaboration among historically divided groups, they remain constrained by limited resources, political interference, and lack of formal recognition. The research draws on Social Capital and Conflict Transformation theories to explain the significance of these alliances in fragile settings. It concludes that with the right support such as training, funding, and institutional partnerships, these coalitions can play a critical role in strengthening community resilience and contributing to long-term peace and stability in Northeast Nigeria.