An Evaluation of Cybercrime in India

Cyber-crime, in its contemporary manifestation, is no longer limited to isolated instances of identity theft, phishing, or financial fraud. It has evolved into a sophisticated, organized and often state-supported phenomenon capable of destabilizing national infrastructure. Modern cyber threats include cyber terrorism, cyber espionage, ransomware attacks targeting critical information infrastructure, large-scale data breaches, disinformation campaigns and hybrid warfare tactics. These activities demonstrate that cyberspace is no longer a peripheral domain of criminal activity but a strategic battleground where power, influence and sovereignty are contested.

Globally, cyber-attacks on power grids, healthcare institutions, financial networks and government databases illustrate the devastating consequences of digital insecurity. In the Indian context, incidents involving data leaks, ransomware attacks on hospitals, breaches of financial systems and attempts to infiltrate defence communication networks underscore the gravity of the threat.