AI in the workplace from the perspective of Generations X, Y, and Z - a literature review

The Industry 5.0 revolution and the rapid spread of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in the labor market present unprecedented organizational-, managerial-, and employee challenges. This study provides an integrative literature review of AI applications in workplace practices and employee attitudes, with particular focus on generational differences among Generation $X, Y$ and Z. For the time being, academic researchers have barely analyzed generational differences at work, in relation to AI, and when they have, the target group consists only of university students. Based on the results, it appears that research is still in its very early stages, and university students are currently the primary focus of academic research, presumably because they are easier to involve. There is already more generalist research, in which case the research sample population is general and does not analyze the extent to which the behavior of each generation is similar or different in relation to the factors examined. However, it is clear that Generation Z receives special attention, even though Generations Y and X are likely to face more challenges in terms of technological change and AI acceptance, as they have different psychometric and habitus characteristics than the members of Generation Z, who are “overpowered” and proficient in new technologies. Even though successful AI transformation from a managerial perspective is not only a technological but a human-strategic issue: mobilizing synergies between generations and creating an inclusive organizational culture is essential for ensuring long-term competitive advantage and better employee well-being. In sum, there is a significant market gap that has yet to be filled, so further research on this topic is warranted.