Advances in cardiovascular signal analysis with future directions: a review of machine learning and deep learning models for cardiovascular disease classification based on ECG, PCG, and PPG signals
Advances in cardiovascular signal analysis with future directions: a review of machine learning and deep learning models for cardiovascular disease classification based on ECG, PCG, and PPG signals
Y. Fuadah,Ki Moo Lim
2025 · DOI: 10.1007/s13534-025-00473-9
Biomedical Engineering Letters · 27 Citations
TLDR
The review underscores the importance of large-scale, diverse datasets, multi-modal signal integration, and explainable AI to foster clinical trust and facilitate ethical deployment, and highlights the potential of AI to revolutionize cardiovascular healthcare through early diagnosis, wearable technology, and real-time decision support.