A Comprehensive Review on Vranashotha: An Ayurvedic Perspective on Inflammatory Wound Management

TLDR

Vranashotha serves as a classical example of the convergence between traditional Ayurvedic and modern biomedical concepts of inflammation, and holds promise for improved outcomes in chronic or complicated woundinflammations.

Abstract

Background: Vranashotha is an Ayurvedic term used to describe localized inflammatory swelling thatoccurs in or around a wound (Vrana). It results from the vitiation of Tridoshas (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha)due to factors like trauma, infection, improper dietary practices, systemic diseases, or surgicalcomplications. Classical Ayurvedic texts such as the Sushruta Samhita provide detailed descriptions ofthe stages, causes, symptoms, and treatment of Vranashotha, which closely resemble modern conceptsof inflammation.Aim: To present a comprehensive review of the Ayurvedic understanding of Vranashotha, correlate itwith modern inflammatory pathology, and outline integrated approaches for its effective management.Methods: This review critically analyzes Ayurvedic classical references from texts such as SushrutaSamhita and Ashtanga Hridaya, and compares them with current biomedical literature on inflammation.Ayurvedic treatment protocols, formulations, and therapies have been reviewed alongside modernmedical interventions to establish a comparative framework.Results: Vranashotha is classified into Ama (immature), Pachyamana (suppurative), and Pakva (matureabscess) stages. Symptoms such as redness (Raga), heat (Ushna), swelling (Shotha), and pain (Vedana)are common to both Ayurveda and modern inflammation. Management in Ayurveda includes internalmedicines like Trivrit Churna, Punarnava, Guggulu, and Triphala, along with external therapies such asSwedana (sudation), Lepa (herbal paste), and Jalaukavacharana (leech therapy). Modern managementtypically includes antibiotics, NSAIDs, and surgical drainage.Conclusion: Vranashotha serves as a classical example of the convergence between traditionalAyurvedic and modern biomedical concepts of inflammation. With its holistic, stage-wise therapeuticstrategies, Ayurveda offers a valuable, complementary approach to managing wound-relatedinflammatory conditions. Integrative management, combining Ayurvedic wisdom with modern surgicaland pharmaceutical care, holds promise for improved outcomes in chronic or complicated woundinflammations.