The Role of Learning Environment, Instructor Feedback, and Class Size on Students’ Engagement in Online

Student engagement in online learning is influenced by well-structured environments that facilitate collaboration, resource accessibility, and meaningful interactions with peers and instructors. Engagement encompasses emotional, cognitive, and behavioural aspects, all of which contribute to student motivation and academic success. This study examines the impact of the learning environment, instructor feedback, and class size on student engagement in online learning. A self-administered questionnaire was utilized, targeting students from the Diploma in Mathematical Sciences program at UiTM Kelantan selected through a simple random sampling method. Multiple Linear Regression analysis was employed to evaluate the data. The results indicate that only instructor feedback (β=0.568) has a statistically significant effect (p-value < 0.05) on student engagement in online learning, while the learning environment and class size show no significant influence. These findings provide valuable insights for strategic planning aimed at fostering an interactive and inclusive environment to enhance student engagement in online learning.