Smart multi-colour 3D Printer for Creative Manufacturing

Additive manufacturing has transformed rapid prototyping; however, most low-cost 3D printers are limited to single-colour output, reducing their effectiveness in visual and functional design validation. This paper presents the design and implementation of an automated multi-colour 3D printing system capable of switching between multiple filaments during a single print process. The proposed system employs a central controller to manage motion control, filament selection, thermal regulation, and extrusion consistency. Stepper motors with dedicated drivers ensure precise X, Y, Z, and extruder movements, while automatic colour switching enables seamless multi-colour fabrication without manual intervention. A touch-based user interface with wireless connectivity improves usability and operational flexibility. Experimental results demonstrate improved aesthetic quality, reduced post-processing time, and enhanced prototyping efficiency. The system is well suited for rapid prototyping, educational use, and product development applications.