Protective factors for depression, anxiety, quality of life, and physical pain in psychology doctoral students during the COVID-19 pandemic onset

Abstract Objective Psychology doctoral students confront considerable stress and elevated mental health challenges, particularly during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examined protective factors associated with better functional outcomes in this population. Participants This cross-sectional study included 889 US clinical and counseling psychology doctoral students. Methods Protective factors, including coping strategies, resilience, social support, and physical activities were examined in relation to quality of life, anxiety and depression symptoms, and physical pain. Results Multiple linear regression analysis showed protective factors predicted positive functional outcomes. Problem-focused engagement coping and aerobic activities predicted improved quality of life, lower anxiety and depression symptoms, and physical pain. Social support correlated with better quality of life and lower anxiety and depression symptoms, while resilient coping and strength/flexibility activities predicted better quality of life. Conclusion This study identified protective factors associated with favorable functional outcomes, providing insights to support psychology doctoral students during the pandemic.