PD-1 and CTLA-4 combination blockade expands infiltrating T cells and reduces regulatory T and myeloid cells within B16 melanoma tumors
PD-1 and CTLA-4 combination blockade expands infiltrating T cells and reduces regulatory T and myeloid cells within B16 melanoma tumors
M. Curran,Welby Montalvo,H. Yagita,J. Allison
2010 · DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0915174107
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1,822 Citations
TLDR
Combination blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1- and CTLA-4-negative costimulatory pathways allows tumor-specific T cells that would otherwise be inactivated to continue to expand and carry out effector functions, thereby shifting the tumor microenvironment from suppressive to inflammatory.