Atheroembolic Renal Failure after Invasive Procedures: Natural History Based on 52 Histologically Proven Cases

Renal failure due to procedure-induced AE is characterized by a decline in renal function over 3 to 8 weeks, not consistent with most other iatrogenic causes of renal failure, such as radiocontrast or nephrotoxic medications, which present earlier and often resolve within 2 to 3 weeks after appropriate intervention.