Alzheimer’s Disease Classification via Pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network Variants Utilizing Multi-level Thresholding based on Kapur’s Entropy

Neurological diseases are the disorders of brain and the nerves that run throughout the human body. There is a range of symptoms that arise as a result of chemical, structural, or electrical modifications in the regions of brain. One such neurological disease is the Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), is considered as a slow and progressive disease that majorly affects the cognitive abilities of the individual. It is most common forms of dementia without any proper cure. However, early diagnosis and treatment might slow down the symptoms and improve the lifestyle of the individual. The most common techniques to identify the neurological disorders are imaging of the brain regions, namely, CT, MRI, PET, etc. The learning approaches, such as Deep Learning and Machine Learning are identified to be effective in analyzing these images to provide better accuracies in detecting the AD. In this study, four versions of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are used to classify AD and Control cases. Further, the Kapur’s thresholding technique is also implemented to segment the images for improving the classification accuracy of AD. From the results shown in the study, the inference shows that the VGG16 of CNN provides considerable improvement than the other deep learning models before and after the implementation of thresholding.